A middle class family accused her, and that was all the evidence needed. Keep reading for 7 strange, significant murder cases that made waves in England in the 19th century. More recently, however, historians have found proof that Mrs Millson may have been the victim of blackmail. But he stated that he had been in bed at a lodging house that day and hadnt seen his son in three weeks. On December 19, 1959, the entire Walker family was brutally murdered in their home in Osprey, Florida. During his murder trial, Light was defended by acclaimed attorney Edward Marshall Law. Welcome to Unsolved Murders. Despite this statement, the grand jury declined to indict anyone. It wasnt until Jane Gibson (aka the pig lady) stepped forward with her account of that evening that Mrs. Hall was placed at the crime scene. Postman Paul Savage who was murdered while on his rounds in Mold February 4th 2003 (Image: Daily Post Wales) Last year detectives reviewed evidence collected following the murder of postman Paul . They noted wych elms were thought to offer protection against witches. 1897: 8. It stated that his wife had withheld information from him and the police about the Hall-Mills murder. The 25-year-old store clerk child was gunned down in an overnight robbery. The unsolved murder of Barbara Mayo", "S.F. . Blair Adams Richard Aderson T. J. Ainsworth Mario Amado Nori Amaya Lynn Amos Charlie Anderson Holly Marie Andrews Rachel Anthony Arnold Archambeau and Ruby Bruguier Kaitlyn Arquette Jayson Artis Ed Baker Brooke Baker Tara Baker Donna Baldeo Jim Barrier Jennifer . No cash or valuables had been taken. Now his headless torso has been identified through DNA", "Body found in Idaho cave more than 40 years ago identified as outlaw who escaped jail in 1916", "On This Day: Bomb kills 11 at Milwaukee police station", "Saint Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich", "Martyrdom the Crown of the Humble. She ran from the apartment, rambling incoherently that there was a stranger in Mr. Elwells apartment and that the stranger was dead. However, in a bizarre twist, scholar Richard Warner claimed that the chief suspect in the crimes was Frank Doc Mumphrey, a man who had recently moved from New Orleans to Los Angeles and had ties to Mafia families. Dr. Thomas Neill Cream. She had ridden there on her bike and was accompanied by Robert Light, a man unknown to her uncle and aunt. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. However, the disheveled look of his person and the mud on his clothes seemed to suggest that a struggle had taken place and that someone else was responsible for his untimely death. Note that this reflects the number of unsolved murders in this database and is not a direct indication of the actual number unsolved murders for that year as there might be data missing. But there was something about him that made Bellas aunt and uncle uneasy. Schoolgirl . If you have any information please contact Illinois State Police, Zone 2 Investigations at 815-632-4012 or call . When he returned home he found his wife had been bludgeoned to death. They are the unsolved murder cases on Cheshire Constabulary files that have remained open. Jack the Ripper is an exception on this list, because he is the only criminal among these 7 who was never identified. George Wilson (1963) The killing of pub landlord George Wilson is Notts' oldest unsolved murder. One suspect was a poacher who Thomas was due to testify against at court. But he soon learned that Dimmock had worked the streets under the name of Phyllis as an accomplished, well-known prostitute. Her throat had been cut so deeply and precisely that she was almost decapitated. 10 Comments. On October 6, 1921, a newspaper headline that should have concentrated on baseballs World Series announced the grim discovery of a murdered 12-year-old girl from Madison, New Jersey, instead. In 2020 the rate was 59%; the following year, it dropped to 54.5%. Initial reports speculated that Schenck had taken his own life. 1. It seems likely that both Severin Bastendorff and his brother Peter knew more about the murder than they admitted in court, and that they used Hannah Dobbs to dispose of Miss Hackers worldly goods. Colin and Damon Wilson believed that the killer was Joseph Momfre, who was shot dead in 1921 by a woman claiming to have been Pepitones widow. By 4:30 PM, General Luard had made his way back home and was beginning to become concerned that his wife wasnt there yet. Light admitted to being with Bella that night and to hiding his bicycle to sever the link between him and Bella once he had learned of her death. He had also served in the army during World War I. In fact, there has never been a single suspect. New tips reviewed by police", "May Be From Wealthy Families: Slain Couple in N.C. Public pressure caused the case to be reopened. Meanwhile, another witness stated that he had seen a man in the train compartment stooping over something and apparently tying up a parcel. ), Images: Kim Traynor, Cussi Cussi, Ras67, mervyn, Wellcome Library, London, Grenavitar/Wikimedia, Heres How You Can Make A Difference In Honour Of Brianna Ghey, Alex Murdaugh Faces Life In Prison For Allegedly Killing His Wife & Son, 35 Groundbreaking Women From History You Didn't Learn About In School, 45 Quotes Thatll Inspire You During Womens History Month, Get Even More From Bustle Sign Up For The Newsletter. Tony Fisher, 58, died at his home in Carlton in 2017. Lamduan Armitage 2004. Starchfield sternly denied killing his son but was ultimately charged with his murder. If youre interested in Victorian culture, crime, and the rise of modern forensics (which you must be because you clicked on this post), its definitely worth a read. Smith was the upper-middle classed, teenaged daughter of an architect in Glasgow. Born in Scotland and raised in Canada, Dr. Thomas Neill Cream killed multiple people by poison in Canada and the U.S. before fleeing to England. Marcus Lowth is a writer at Me Time For The Mind and Me Time For The Mind on Facebook. With almost no evidence, and no trial to cover, the news reports reflected the publics general sense of bafflement: The Ripper continues to be Englands most famous criminal, spawning countless books and theories, as well as a London tourist industry. On the stand, he admitted that he had been with her that evening. Willies father was questioned as to his whereabouts on the day of the murder. Charles Bravo. On the stand, Kluxen gave a detailed account of his movements that day. Meanwhile in San Francisco county, the homicide clearance rate has varied greatly over the past 20 years, according to the state . An underground market of resurrectionists developed, wherein people would dig up recently buried bodies and sell them to medical schools. Bacon Is Slain As in Movie Roles. Perhaps one of the most well-known, frustrating cases ever in Texas, the murder of Amber Hagerman gained worldwide attention and even prompted officials to create Amber alerts for missing persons. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Page 26." The photo included with this unsolved crime information is a reconstructed photo. An errand boy made the discovery on the afternoon of January 8, 1914, at Mildmay Park Station on the North London Railway. Cloth had been stuffed in her mouth and her severed hand was buried nearby. Sickert became quite obsessed with the murder of Emily Dimmock and painted several pieces entitled The Camden Town Murder after her death. Balham, London. She suffered a terrible gash to . The ghost of Harriet Buswell is said to have haunted the murder house for decades. William Wallace, an insurance salesman, was convicted of murdering his wife Julia at their Liverpool home in 1931. Last edited on 28 February 2023, at 17:50, Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Lumber Workers Industrial Union of Canada, detonated as they were removing it from the New York World's Fair, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, DNA evidence proved that she was Margaret Fetterolf, List of unsolved murders (before the 20th century), "Swearengen likely murdered, research indicates", "Mentor, OH Train Wreck, Jun 1905 Dead and Injured | GenDisasters Genealogy in Tragedy, Disasters, Fires, Floods", "HAD PAWN TICKET FOR BARREL VICTIM'S WATCH; Tomasso Petto Formally Accused of Madonia's Murder. However as these unsolved murders show, the Emerald Isle also has a dark side. "If there was such a person as Qualtrough, he was relying on a lot of luck.". Darkness reigned among the shrouded streets of Bloomsbury that sinister Christmas night: as little children lay dreaming of reindeer, sleigh-bells and the delight of Christmas presents, and their parents dreamt of turkey, pudding and the delight of Christmas food, an invisible vortex of Evil, as silent as Death, surrounded the shabby lodging-house at No. walesonline Load mobile navigation News According to Flanders, the press had a hard time believing that this gently bred, educated young woman could be a murderer, and were much less aggressive in reporting this crime than Eliza Fennings alleged attempted murders. Over the coming days, limbs were recovered. She thinks William was the target and Thomas was injured in the process. Can Nigeria's election result be overturned? On the evening of May 22, 1918, Jake and Andrew Maggio made a gruesome discovery. Most of the victims were Italian American, which suggests that the murders may have been motivated by ethnicity or tied to the Mafia and organized crime. Lola Shenkoya was a 27-year-old woman who vanished from Ealing Broadway on 3 January 2000. Earlier that day, a little before 1:00 PM, she had sent him out to run an errand. Eliza Bibby 2023. When found she was wearing black shoes, a floral dress and a black polo neck jumper. A star witness from the crime scene identified Bill Smith as the man she had seen leaving the Cannon Street murder house, but it turned out that she had received some help from the police in doing so. Show all articles. Later that night, Pearcey was seen wheeling a pram around the streets. On the afternoon of 27th June 1946, 12-year-old Muriel Joan Drinkwater was taking the bus home from school (Penllergaer Grammar School) as normal. Oxford: Elsevier: 25557. But he was also released quickly without charge. This is an incomplete list of unsolved known and presumed murders in the United Kingdom. White, Luise. He was convicted . William Hodgson Bingham was 73 when he passed away in January 1911. While all indications are that this person was the Mr. Bennett whom Nora had arranged to meet, it is not known if she ever actually met with him. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Although it was proven that General Luard was at the golf course at the time of his wifes murder, many of the townsfolk considered him to be the prime suspect. The Axe Man of New Orleans. The combination of the letters and two extensive inquiries into his wifes death began to take its toll on General Luard. List of fugitives from justice who disappeared, List of unsolved murders in the United Kingdom, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lists_of_unsolved_murders&oldid=1126915384, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 December 2022, at 22:56. To view most recent cases click here. Video, 'Trump or bust' - grassroots Republicans are still loyal, Bakhmut attacks still being repelled, says Ukraine, AOC under investigation for Met Gala dress, Canadian grandma helps police snag phone scammer, Mother who killed her five children euthanised, Zoom boss Greg Tomb fired without cause, The children left behind in Cuba's exodus. He also received numerous threatening and accusatory letters after his wifes murder. 6. But the following year, when a coal cellar on the premises was cleared out, the mummified remains of Miss Hacker were found. Several hours later, Nora called home to say that Mr. Bennett wanted her to begin work immediately. Faraday and Jensen were the first murders attributed to the, Investigations have strongly suggested that Italian journalist, A man claiming to be a Croatian nationalist called a Swedish newspaper to claim credit for the 26 January 1972 bombing of, On 20 April 1972, New York City police officer Philip Cardillo (32), died in the hospital of a gunshot wound inflicted six days earlier during an, From 1975 to 1977, the dismembered remains of six unidentified men were found dumped in the, On 5 February 1975, 3 boys were hiking in a park in, On 23 June 1975, the body of brothel keeper, All 81 aboard died on 1 January 1976, when a bomb exploded on, Priscilla Childers maintained to her 2001 death that her former husband, oil heir, On 24 October 1976, the half-naked body of a teenage girl was found off the, On January 7, 1978, five teenage members of the, On 8 January 1978, a shot through the window of his home in a suburb of the South African city of. Retrieved 15 November 2017. The 46-year-old's father William, or Bill, was upstairs in bed. . No one was ever charged or even arrested in connection with the murder. The following morning, his lifeless body was discovered near his own front gate with a single, fatal gunshot wound to the head. The way people understood these social aberrations were reflections of their society's own broad anxieties and desires. She was last seen alive at 8:50 PM at the house of her uncle, George Measures. His wife and children never saw him alive again. Her throat had been cut, and her head was all but taken off her body. West Mercia Police said the reason for the disposal "was not known". His skeletal remains were found on 14 June 1986 in a back garden on Polworth Road, Streatham. Further inspection soon revealed that the dead stranger was Joe Elwell himself, only without the designer wigs and pristine dentures that helped him present a much more eye-pleasing appearance to the outside world. James Keltie, 52, was murdered on 11 January 1971 at the hotel which he ran. The Axeman of New Orleans. 10 The New Orleans Axeman1918-1919. A family affair. Sharon Kinne was having an affair with Patricia Jones's husband. Warwickshire Police said they had a loose suspect but the case was eventually closed due to a lack of evidence. Shaw had been at work earlier that eveningsomething that was easily verifiedand he was never a suspect. He bought her a bag of fruit and nuts, and came with her to her room in Great Coram Street. Police hope they have found a breakthrough in the 1987 'Lady in the Lake' mystery, but across Britain there are still thousands of baffling unsolved murders News UK News US News World News Weird . 8, 2nd ed. Thousands of people watched him hang in 1856. In all, there were seven victims from 1882 until 1899. Flanders points out that middle and upper class people experienced very different treatment from the courts than their lower class brethren. A boy playing in woods in Hagley found Bella's skull in 1943. Any information you can provide me with would be gratefully useful and appreciated. He eventually left his family home and lived for a short time with his friend Colonel Ward. Edit. But whereas Jack the Ripper has become a household name for his sanguineous handiwork in Whitechapel, his West Ham counterpart has remained an obscure figure until now. Note. The murderer had been seen leaving the house by a housemaid, who described him as a rough-looking German laboring man with a blotchy complexion and long stubble, as did several witnesses who had seen Harriet with her sinister customer on Christmas Eve. The Assassination of Herbert Chitepo: Texts and Politics in Zimbabwe. The two masked killers used a handcart to wheel the store safe out of the building and fled in Reese's car. And indeed, Pastor Hessel had also gone to London on December 23, and the police found out that he had a bad reputation for various shady financial transactions in the past. Noras naked body was sprawled on a bed in an otherwise unfurnished house. After his arrest, Dennis Lynn Rader confessed to killing 10 people over the course of 30 years. Was Morello's Constant Companion -- Says the Ticket Was Given Him by a Man He Knows Only as "John. However, Jane Gibson, the pig lady who was the prosecutions main witness, was portrayed by the defense as being a crazy old woman whose accounts were unreliable. Burke and Hare murdered at least five people (probably more). Below is a list of murders which took place in and around North Yorkshire, some dating back more than 70 years. Twenty-three homicide riddles continue to baffle North East detectives, with one of the cases dating back to before the Second World War. That night, Cook and Palmer had a drink together, after which Cook complained of being ill. A few days later, Cook and Palmer hung out again, with Cook becoming ill again. Newspapers.com. THE case of a bludgeoned shopkeeper and a schoolboy found suffocated beside the River Tyne are among a list of unsolved murders still being probed by police today. These despicable crimes may remain unsolved and historic, spanning 65 years, but they do get re-examined. "Don't forget, in those days pubs were won and lost on a game of cards.". Whether Bella was truthful in saying that she had met Light for the first time that evening is open to debate. DNA now points to a serial rapist", "Buried in Baltimore: The Mysterious Murder of a Nun Who Knew Too Much", "With New Lead, Police Reopen Old Murder Case", "Joyce Malecki Didn't Get the Justice She Deserved", "BLOOD AND FIRE SAVIMBI'S WAR AGAINST HIS UNITA RIVALS", "Plaque honors slain police officer: Eight others injured in bomb attack that killed sergeant in 1970", "Victim of the Motorway Monster? According to Bella, Light was all but unknown to her, too. The following day, a postcard arrived at the Fuller house instructing Nora to come to the Popular Restaurant for an interview and ask for Mr. John Bennett. Almost one month later, Wood was arrested and charged with Dimmocks murder. Georgia Rudolph of Macon, Georgia claims she is the reincarnated spirit of a Marietta woman named Sandra J. Jenkins, who commited suicide in 1911. Partee, Barbara H., 2006, "Richard Montague (19301971)" in Brown, Keith, ed., Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, Vol. By subscribing to this BDG newsletter, you agree to our. The cause of death is unknown, although it is believed the teenager was strangled. After eating with his family on Friday, October 31, Schenck left his home to begin his patrol. Dennis Nilsen, the Muswell Hill Murderer, remains one of the most infamous serial killers in the world. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Then in 1953, a letter to the Express & Star newspaper claimed Bella was murdered by a German spy-ring. . However, nothing was ever taken from the victims dwellings. Steven Arnold, 51, of Butterworth Path, Luton, killed Michael Fletcher, 66, at the . Jack the Ripper terrorized London. Suspicion fell on Palmer when Cooks father came for his son and discovered that his betting book and money had all gone missing. 4 Euston Square was held by the bamboo furniture maker Severin Bastendorff. 6. Schenck was a hardworking man who lived with his wife, Ida, and their three young children in the small town of Adair, Iowa. But historian Mark Russell said: "When you look at the whole picture, I am convinced the police got the right man. The motivation for the killings isnt clear. Still can't find what you're looking for? September 29, 1892. One woman told officers her Dutch lodger had bragged about putting "his Dutch piece in a tree". To this day, the killers identity is not known, although there are many theories. In the 1880s and 1890s, a number of young girls disappeared in West Ham and its environs, some without trace, others being found murdered and raped. Streatham, London. Historian Brian Brooks said many people believed the body belonged to Cheltenham resident Capt William Butt, the suspected lover of dancer Brian Sullivan. Continue reading. She had been having an affair with Frank Hogg for a number of years; after he married his wife, Phoebe, Pearcey became a friend of the family, even as she continued the affair with Frank. Gibson had been having a problem with corn thieves. 1. All the evidence suggests that an unknown man . This list of unsolved murders includes notable cases where victims have been murdered under unknown circumstances. Willie Starchfield was barely five years old when he was strangled to death and his body was left under a seat in a train compartment. Police considered the possibility Bella had been working as a prostitute or was a gypsy. Dr. William Palmer appears to have been a thoroughly terrible person. In the 1880s and 1890s, a number of young girls disappeared in West Ham and its environs, some without trace, others being found murdered and raped. These lists of unsolved murders include notable cases where victims were murdered in unknown circumstances. Body not found. Although Elwell had become a millionaire from his skills at bridge, his wife had been instrumental in introducing him to her well-connected friends and contacts. WITH just 30 murders in 2015, a fall of 22 from the previous year and the lowest level in over 20 years, Ireland is a relatively safe place. They were the first victims of the person who would become known as the Axeman of New Orleans. The police found that she had been subjected to blackmail, and arrested the Eton never-do-well William Bill Smith, who had been in the habit of extorting money from her, for the repayment of an old loan. Hare eventually disappeared. They sold the body to a doctor for over seven pounds, which at that time was equivalent to six months wages for an unskilled worker. But Ruke refused to look at the spot where the young girl had been found. In 1815, Fenning worked as a cook for a family named Turner. She prepared dumplings for the familys supper one night, and after eating them, five peopleincluding Eliza Fenningbecame ill. Everyone recovered quickly, but the next day a doctor conducted a series of tests on the leftover dumplings that, according to him, confirmed that there was arsenic in them. Dont! Three more shots pierced the otherwise quiet evening. Theory 1: Madeleine McCann was kidnapped and killed by a stranger. "I think the younger one discovered the intruder," she said. This time, he went to trial. On Sunday 19 February 1984, 13-year-old Colin Maxwell left his home in Streatham and was never seen again. ", Alex Murdaugh jailed for life for double murder, Why the disgraced lawyer was spared death penalty, Saving Private Ryan actor Tom Sizemore dies at 61, The children left behind in Cuba's mass exodus, Xi Jinping is unveiling a new deputy - why it matters, Snow, Fire and Lights: Photos of the Week. It was obvious that the sole intent was murder. There were several suspects named over the years by people who examined the case. Then came the pornographic Web site", "Flashback: Nancy Spungen Found Dead at Chelsea Hotel", "22 years after her murder, police re-open hunt for Margaret Frame's killer", "Babes in the Woods murder accused claims he was 'bullied' into false account", "Murdered teens identified as missing girls Kerry Graham, 15, and Francine Trimble, 14", "Remains found in Mendocino County in 1979 belonged to two missing Forestville teens", "Mystery of Envoy's Slaying in Kabul May Yield Secrets: Afghanistan: President offers an open inquiry into 1979 kidnap-murder of U.S. Flanders suggests that class played a major role in the conviction; because Fenning was a servant, her defense didnt matter. Newgate was the main place of execution for London and the County of Middlesex up to 1902. Theory 3: Her parents killed her - intentionally or accidentally - and played out an ongoing public charade in order to cover up their involvement. She stated that she had seen John Starchfield leading a young boy along the street. 142 of these women suffered for this . I have what is probably a not-very-healthy fascination with 19th century crime. Eliza Fenning is remarkable, not because of the horrible crimes she committed, but because of the fact that she was convicted of attempted murder with no evidence and no victims. Below are the latest records either added or updated. Latest. However, both Mrs. Hall and Jimmy Mills stated that they knew nothing of the affair. He was stabbed 14 times at the base of his skull as he walked the family's pet dog, Blackie, in the . Charles Bravo, a 30-year-old lawyer, was poisoned with antimony in April 1876. Born in Scotland and raised in Canada, Dr. Thomas Neill Cream killed multiple people by poison in Canada and the U.S. before fleeing to England. He was quickly identified as Willie, the son of John and Agnes Starchfield, who were separated. Once again, the police were heavily criticized for presenting no evidence of Kluxens guilt. On this non-existent evidence, Fenning was accused and convicted of attempted murder. But her alibi was solid, and it soon became apparent that she wasnt involved in her ex-husbands death. Harsent was six months pregnant at the time of her death. A year laterand still no closer to finding Janets killerthe police rearrested Francis Kluxen. Although investigators had found what they assumed to be the murder weapon, fingerprinting was not used as it is today. London's most notorious serial . This was supported by cases in which the woman of the household was murdered but not the man, who would have been unaware of the killers presence. What's the least exercise we can get away with? Burke was hanged and, with a bit of poetic justice, publicly dissected. A Rose for Her Grave and Other True Cases. View history. ID TV 12-29-14 ep:7 Confessions of The Boston Strangler. Joel Dinda/Flickr. The police discovered her letters to him and learned the she had purchased arsenic before his death. Identity of the Killer, Reported With Him in Car, And Motive Mystify Los Angeles Police", "David Bacon, Whose 1943 Slaying Remains Unsolved, Made his Home at a Hollywood Hills 'Castle', "Miss Bauerdorf, Oil Man's Daughter, Slain By Strangler in Her Hollywood Apartment", "Valentine's Day murder remains county's oldest unsolved killing", "Kematian Oto Iskandar Di Nata 70 Tahun Lalu", "Footprints May Yield Clew To Oregon Murder", "Jeudi 20 dcembre / Vous nous avez soumis cette affaire: L'affaire Carteron", "The Black Dahlia case on America's Most Wanted", "Who Killed Bugsy Siegel? A cartridge had been fired from it, so it was assumed to be the murder weapon. Police assumed that Dimmock had been murdered during the night by another client. On the morning of June 11, 1920, in busy New York City, Elwells housekeeper, Marie Larsen, let herself into his elegant apartment as she normally did. Between 1918 and 1919, an unknown perpetrator moved silently through New Orleans, Louisiana, targeting Italian and Italian-American shopkeepers. The Black Dahlia murder remains a staple of the true crime world to this day, with many books, movies and fictionalized accounts exploring the story. When an identity parade was arranged for the London witnesses to see him, with some other Germans from the Wangerland making up the numbers, the detectives were non-plussed when several of the witnesses instead picked out the ships chaplain Dr Gottfried Hessel! These executed criminals were the only source of cadavers available for this research, and there werent enough of them to keep up with the demand of scientists and medical students. The murder of Joe Elwell, the leading authority on the card game bridge, remains unsolved. 1894: 5 . The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. He was caught and hanged. She followed the wagon and eventually saw two men and two women in the dark. The murder of Patricia Jones, 1960. One of my primary sources for this list is Judith Flanderss excellent book, The Invention of Murder . Castro Plot", "Six Youths Seized in Three Slayings And Thefts on Coast", "Birmingham Little Girl Blue murder suspect 'confessed', "Svenskarna som stred, och dog, fr andra lnder", "Folha de S.Paulo Internacional En Brazil Family receives new death certificate of journalist killed during Brazilian dictatorship 16/03/2013", "The violent death of "inconvenient" intellect, Pier Paolo Pasolini Italianmedia", "Who killed the Diggs family? 2023 BDG Media, Inc. All rights reserved. 1899: 15. This is an incomplete list of unsolved known and presumed murders in the United Kingdom. No arrests have ever been made in the 28 June 1978, Ten guests, mostly visiting Canadians, died in a, Shortly after a private meeting with Cambodian dictator, Ronald McPherson and Don Rose were found shot to death on 10 August 1979, in, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 17:50.